logic
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The method of proving a statement by assuming the statement is false and, with that assumption, arriving at a blatant contradiction.

Pertaining to, resulting from, or characterised by association; capable of associating; tending to associate or unite.

To establish the falsity of a claim or belief; to show or to tend to show that a theory or hypothesis is not valid.
"The experiment disconfirmed the scientist's initial hypothesis that the new fertilizer would increase crop yield. "

A rewrite rule specifying a symbol substitution that can be recursively performed to generate new symbol sequences. (More information on Wikipedia.)
"Each production is implemented with a function."

A syntactic expression of a proposition, built up from quantifiers, logical connectives, variables, relation and operation symbols, and, depending on the type of logic, possibly other operators such as modal, temporal, deontic or epistemic ones.














