Background for spectrum

spectrum

/ˈspektɹəm/ /ˈspɛkt(ʃ)ɹəm/

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noun

A range; a continuous, infinite, one-dimensional set, possibly bounded by extremes.

Examples :

"The spectrum of emotions my sister displayed during the argument was wide, from anger to sadness to confusion. "

range type aspect system toefl

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noun

Specifically, a range of colours representing light (electromagnetic radiation) of contiguous frequencies; hence electromagnetic spectrum, visible spectrum, ultraviolet spectrum, etc.

Examples :

"The rainbow demonstrates the visible spectrum of light, showing all the colours from red to violet. "

physics astronomy energy frequency color science toefl

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noun

The autism spectrum.

Examples :

"My cousin has autism; his behavior falls within the autism spectrum. "

medicine mind condition toefl

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noun

The pattern of absorption or emission of radiation produced by a substance when subjected to energy (radiation, heat, electricity, etc.).

Examples :

"The scientist examined the spectrum of light emitted by the burning candle flame. "

physics energy science phenomena range toefl

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noun

The set of eigenvalues of a matrix.

Examples :

"The spectrum of possible test scores for the math exam ranged from 60 to 100. "

math technical toefl

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noun

Of a bounded linear operator A, the set of scalar values λ such that the operator A—λI, where I denotes the identity operator, does not have a bounded inverse; intended as a generalisation of the linear algebra sense.

Examples :

"The spectrum of possible outcomes for the student's final exam grade shows a wide range of possibilities, from a failing mark to an A+. "

math science technical physics toefl

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noun

(abstract algebra) The set, denoted Spec(R), of all prime ideals of a given ring R, commonly augmented with a Zariski topology and considered as a topological space.

Examples :

"The spectrum of possible grades on the math exam included all the prime numbers from 2 to 100. "

math abstract space toefl

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noun

Specter, apparition.

Examples :

"The angry accusations from the teachers seemed like a menacing spectrum hanging over the entire school. "

appearance supernatural being toefl

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noun

The image of something seen that persists after the eyes are closed.

Examples :

"After looking at the vibrant sunset, a spectrum of orange and pink colors remained in my mind's eye. "

mind sensation phenomena toefl