bureaucracy background
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bureaucracy

/bjʊəˈɹɒkɹəsi/ /bjʊˈɹɑːkɹəsi/

Meanings
noun

官僚主义，官僚作风

Government by bureaus or their administrators or officers.

Examples :

"The school's bureaucracy required multiple forms and signatures for the permission slip. "
学校的官僚作风导致填写一张许可单都需要好几份表格和签名。
politics government organization
noun

官僚主义

(organizational theory) A system of administration based upon organisation into bureaus, division of labour, a hierarchy of authority, etc., designed to dispose of a large body of work in a routine manner.

Examples :

"At that time the administration replaced the system of patronage in the civil service with a bureaucracy."
当时政府用一套官僚体系取代了公务员制度中的任人唯亲的做法。
government politics organization system business

Related Words

Illustration organizational

organizational adjective

/ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃənəl/ /ˌɔːrɡənaɪˈzeɪʃənəl/

组织的，机构的

"The organizational chart for the school's student council clearly showed the roles and responsibilities of each member. "

学校学生会的组织结构图清楚地展示了每个成员的角色和职责。

Illustration hierarchy

hierarchy noun

/ˈhaɪ.ə.ɹɑː(ɹ).ki/

等级制度，层级结构

"The school's hierarchy is clear: the principal is at the top, followed by the vice-principals, then teachers, and finally, the students. "

学校的等级制度很明确：校长在最顶层，其次是副校长，然后是老师，最后是学生。

Illustration signatures

signatures noun

/ˈsɪɡnətʃərz/ /ˈsɪɡnətʃʊrz/

签名，署名

"The teacher needed parents' signatures on the permission slips before the field trip. "

老师需要在实地考察之前收到家长们在许可单上的签名。

Illustration patronage

patronage noun

/ˈpeɪtɹənɪd͡ʒ/

赞助，支持，拥护。

"His vigorous patronage of the conservatives got him in trouble with progressives."

他对保守派的大力支持让他惹恼了进步人士。

Illustration organisation

organisation noun

/ˈɔː(ɹ).ɡən.aɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/ /ˌɔɹɡənɪˈzeɪʃən/

有条理, 组织性

"This painting shows little organization at first glance, but little by little the structure becomes clear."

这幅画乍一看显得很没条理，但细细品味，其中的结构就逐渐清晰了。

Illustration especially

especially adverb

/əˈspɛʃ(ə)li/

特别，尤其。

"My sister is very helpful, especially when it comes to organizing things. "

我妹妹很乐于助人，尤其是在整理东西方面。

Illustration administrators

administrators noun

/ədˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtərz/ /ædˈmɪnɪˌstreɪtərz/

管理者，行政人员。

"The school administrators are working to improve student safety. "

学校的管理人员正在努力提高学生的安全性。

Illustration government

government noun

/ˈɡʌvə(n)mənt/ /ˈɡʌvɚ(n)mənt/

政府，政权

"The government decided to raise taxes to fund new schools. "

政府决定提高税收，用以资助新建学校。

Illustration administration

administration noun

/ədˌmɪnəˈstɹeɪʃən/

管理，行政，治理

"The school administration is responsible for managing the daily schedule. "

学校行政部门负责管理日常日程安排。

Illustration apocryphal

apocryphal adjective

/əˈpɒkɹəfəl/ /əˈpɑːkɹəfəl/

伪经的，伪典的

"The story about the teacher teleporting to the classroom was considered apocryphal by most students. "

关于老师瞬间移动到教室的故事，大多数学生认为那只是不可靠的传闻，甚至是虚构的。

Illustration permission

permission noun

/pəˈmɪʃən/ /pɚˈmɪʃən/

许可，允许，批准。

"Sire, do I have your permission to execute this traitor?"

陛下，我是否已经得到您的许可，可以处决这个叛徒？

Illustration authority

authority noun

/ɔːˈθɒɹəti/ /əˈθɑɹəti/

权力，职权

"I have the authority to penalise the staff in my department, but not the authority to sack them."

我有权处罚我部门的员工，但没有权力解雇他们。