noun
Fermion
(Standard Model) Any elementary or composite particle that has half-integer spin and thus obeys Fermi–Dirac statistics and the Pauli exclusion principle (equivalently, a particle for which the wavefunction of any system of identical such particles changes sign whenever two are swapped); a baryon, a lepton or a quark; (slightly more loosely) any such particle or any composite particle composed of fermions.
Selon le théorème spin-statistique, la fonction d'onde d'un système de fermions identiques (particules de spin demi-entier) est antisymétrique lors de l'opération d'échange de deux particules quelconques.