noun🔗ShareラフA circular frill or ruffle on a garment, especially a starched, fluted frill at the neck in Elizabethan and Jacobean England (1560s–1620s)."The actress wore a large, white ruff around her neck, making her look like a queen from the Elizabethan era. "女優は首の周りに大きな白いラフをつけ、エリザベス朝の女王のように見えました。appearancestylehistorywearcultureChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗Shareラフ, ふりるAnything formed with plaits or flutings like a frill."The Elizabethan queen in the history book wore a large, white ruff around her neck. "歴史の本に出てくるエリザベス女王は、首の周りに大きな白いラフを着用していました。appearancestylewearChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗Share襟飾りSenses relating to animals."The dog's thick, white ruff protected its neck from the cold wind. "犬の分厚い白い襟飾りは、冷たい風から首を守った。animalbiologyChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗ShareカラーA collar on a shaft or other piece to prevent endwise motion."The carpenter added a ruff to the wooden shaft to keep it from slipping out of the machine. "大工は、機械から滑り落ちないように、木製のシャフトにカラーを追加しました。machineparttechnicalChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗Share尊大さ, 傲慢さAn exhibition of haughtiness or pride."Her ruff at being passed over for the promotion was obvious to everyone in the office. "昇進から外された彼女の尊大さは、オフィスの誰もが明らかでした。attitudecharacterChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗Share騒ぎ, 騒動Tumultuous or wanton conduct or procedure."The school principal couldn't tolerate the ruff that erupted in the cafeteria during lunch. "校長は、昼食時にカフェテリアで起こった騒ぎを容認できなかった。actionattitudeChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗Shareラフを作る、ラフで飾るTo shape (fabric, etc.) into a ruff; to adorn (a garment, etc.) with a ruff."She decided to ruff the neckline of her blouse with delicate lace for a more elegant look. "彼女は、よりエレガントな外観にするために、ブラウスのネックラインを繊細なレースでラフにすることにしました。stylewearappearanceChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗Share攻撃する、叩くOf a falcon, hawk, etc.: to hit (the prey) without fixing or grabbing hold of it."The inexperienced falcon, still learning to hunt, would often ruff the rabbit instead of seizing it properly. "まだ狩りを学んでいる未熟なハヤブサは、ウサギをきちんと捕獲する代わりに、しばしば叩いていた。animalbirdactionChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗Share乱す, 乱れるTo ruffle; to disorder."The strong wind began to ruff my hair as I walked to school. "学校に向かう途中、強い風が私の髪を乱し始めた。appearancestyleChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗Share羽毛を逆立てるOf a bird: to ruffle its feathers."The robin hopped onto the branch and began to ruff its feathers, shaking off the morning dew. "コマドリは枝に飛び乗り、羽毛を逆立てて朝露を振り払いました。birdanimalactionChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗Share自慢する, 吹聴するTo boast, to brag."He likes to ruff about his high test scores, even though others did well too. "彼は他の人もよくやったのに、自分の高いテストの点数を自慢するのが好きだ。attitudecharacterlanguagecommunicationChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗Share大喝する, 威張るTo speak in a loud and domineering manner; to bluster, to swagger."The manager would often ruff at his employees, yelling about missed deadlines and making them feel small. "マネージャーはよく従業員に大喝し、締め切りに間に合わなかったことについて怒鳴り、彼らを小さく感じさせていた。communicationcharacterlanguageattitudeactionChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗ShareオーストラリアヘリングArripis georgianus, a fish found in cool waters off the southern coast of Australia; the Australian herring or tommy ruff."The fisherman caught a ruff while out on the boat. "漁師はボートに乗っている間にオーストラリアヘリングを捕獲しました。fishanimalChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗ShareチヌA bottom-dwelling carnivorous fish of the family Sparidae found in temperate and tropical waters; a porgy or sea bream."The fisherman was pleased to find a large ruff among his catch of the day. "漁師は、その日の漁獲の中に大きなチヌを見つけて喜んだ。fishanimalChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗ShareヨコシマカサゴGymnocephalus cernua, a small Eurasian freshwater fish."The aquarium included several common species, such as goldfish and guppies, but also a less familiar fish called a ruff. "水族館には、金魚やグッピーなど、いくつかの一般的な種が含まれていましたが、ヨコシマカサゴと呼ばれるあまり馴染みのない魚もいました。fishanimalChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗Share同じ属の他の種Other species in the same genus."While the sandpiper is known for its drab coloring, the ruff, a related bird, boasts a much more varied and extravagant plumage, illustrating that even within the same genus, there can be striking differences. "シギは地味な色で知られていますが、関連する鳥であるエリマキシギは、はるかに多様で豪華な羽毛を誇り、同じ属内でも著しい違いがあることを示しています。animalbiologybirdChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗Shareラフ、スーツに従えないときのラフの機会An instance of ruffing, or an opportunity to ruff, when unable to follow suit."During the card game, John had a ruff, since he couldn't follow the spades suit. "カードゲーム中、ジョンはスペードのスーツに従えなかったので、ラフしました。gameChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗Shareラフ、カードゲームA game similar to whist and its predecessor."My grandfather enjoyed playing ruff with his friends at the senior center. "祖父は老人ホームで友達とラフをするのが好きでした。gameentertainmentChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗Share切り札を出すTo play a trump card to a trick when unable to follow suit (that is, to play a card of the same suit as the previous or leading card)."My sister had no hearts in her hand, so she ruffed the trick with her only spade. "妹は手札にハートがなかったので、唯一のスペードでトリックに切り札を出した。gameChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗Shareラフで負かすEspecially in the form ruff out: to defeat (a card, etc.) by ruffing, thus establishing the master card in the suit led."In the card game, he ruffed out his opponent's lead card, establishing the ace of spades as the master card. "カードゲームで、彼は相手のリードカードをラフで負かし、スペードのエースをマスターカードとして確立した。gamesportChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
noun🔗Shareラフ、ドラムの連打A low, vibrating beat of a drum, quieter than a roll; a ruffle."The snare drum played a soft ruff before the band launched into the main melody. "バンドがメインメロディーを演奏し始める前に、スネアドラムがソフトラフを演奏しました。soundmusicChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗ShareドラムをたたくTo beat a ruff or ruffle, as on a drum."The drummer began to ruff a complex rhythm on his snare drum, building anticipation for the song. "ドラマーはスネアドラムで複雑なリズムを叩き始め、曲への期待感を高めました。musicsoundChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
verb🔗Share太鼓を鳴らすOf a drum, etc.: to have a ruff or ruffle beaten on it."The drummer began to ruff the snare drum, creating a tense, anticipatory sound before the singer started. "ドラマーは、歌手が歌い始める前に、緊張感と期待感のある音を出すためにスネアドラムを鳴らし始めた。musicsoundChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
interjection🔗Shareワンワン, バウワウThe bark of a dog; arf, woof."I heard a "ruff!" from under the porch - it must be the neighbor's dog. "玄関の下から「ワンワン!」と聞こえた。隣の犬に違いない。animalsoundlanguagecommunicationChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Shareざらざらした, 不均一なNot smooth; uneven."The dog's fur felt ruff after playing in the mud. "泥の中で遊んだ後、犬の毛皮はざらざらした感じだった。appearancequalityChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Shareおおよその, 粗末な, いい加減なApproximate; hasty or careless; not finished."a rough estimate; a rough sketch of a building; a rough plan"おおよその見積もり;建物のラフスケッチ;大まかな計画。qualitystyleChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Share荒々しい, 騒々しいTurbulent."rough sea"荒々しい海natureweatherChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Share困難な, 厄介なDifficult; trying."Being a teenager nowadays can be rough."最近のティーンエイジャーは困難な場合があります。attitudeconditionsituationChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Share粗野な, 無作法なCrude; unrefined"His manners are a bit rough, but he means well."彼のマナーは少し粗野ですが、悪気はありません。qualitycharacterappearanceChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Share乱暴な, 粗野なViolent; not careful or subtle"This box has been through some rough handling."この箱は乱暴な扱いを受けてきました。characterattitudeChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Share荒い, しわがれ声の, 耳障りなLoud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating."a rough tone; a rough voice"荒い口調;しわがれ声。soundqualityChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Share未研磨の, ラフなNot polished; uncut; said of a gem."a rough diamond"未研磨のダイヤモンド。qualityappearancematerialChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Share辛辣な, 粗野なHarsh-tasting."rough wine"辛辣なワインfoodqualitysensationChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Share具合の悪い, 病気のSomewhat ill; sick"I felt a bit ruff this morning, so I stayed home from school. "今朝は少し具合が悪かったので、学校を休んで家にいました。medicineconditionChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading
adjective🔗Share二日酔いの, 酔ったUnwell due to alcohol; hungover""Mark was feeling quite ruff this morning after the party last night, so he stayed home from work." "マークは昨夜のパーティーの後、今朝はひどい二日酔いで、会社を休んで家にいました。conditionbodymedicinedrinksensationChat with AIVocabulary GamePractice Reading